Tuesday, July 9, 2013

Git revision control on windows via cygwin

With all this scripting one needs to be able to track the changes to their larger scripts.  You can do the crude append -## to the file-name where ## is some revision number, but if you have a large script that you change a lot over a long period of time, relying on this, or file system backups, just doesn't work very well.  Fortunately the programming field has revision control, and I've decided to use GIT.   Unfortunately tortoise git while it is easy to use and install, caused some issues where browsing via network neighborhood to a remote site was slowed down tremendously.

So I decide to use cygwin and the git it has, unfortunately the git gui interface (which I'm use to from tortoise git), is a little tricky to set up.

When in the cygwin setup go into the "Devel" section and select all the items that start with git, including gitk, then go to the "X11" section and select, X-Start-menu-icons, and xinit.  Once the cygwin setup program finished up, click on the start button, all programs, cygwin-x, X win server.  You should see a white terminal box pop up.  Use normal unix/linux commands to go the directory where your scripts are, and run your git commands.  The reason for using the white terminal window from the X-win-server is so that you can run gitk.  For some reason git gui gives me an error, but gitk works just fine.

The git gui that is in cygwin is just for browsing the history of your code, to actually commit changes, and do anything other then view, you will still need to use the command line:

For those new to git at the command line this is my cheetsheet
for more commands and details of the commands check http://www.vogella.com/articles/Git/article.html

first create the repository
git init

add files to the repository
git add filename

see the changes since the last commit:
git diff

commit the changes:
git commit -m "some comments"

commit a particular file:
git commit script.bat

git status

git add script.bat

git log

see the commits for a file
git log filename

see the diffs of each commit for a file
git log -p filename

see the entire history
git log --follow -p file

Thursday, May 23, 2013

Monitor Inventory script

Inventory time.  That time of the year where property control (or whatever they call it in your business), wants to know where everything is, usually for tax or insurance purposes.

There's a good chance you already have a means for easily finding a computer if you have its serial number, several products will make it so that it's at least not too hard, and you may even have your own records for the computers.  If you don't already, I have a script for that, that I'll post latter.  However property control wants to know about everything, not just the tower unit, but furniture, metal detectors, TV's, monitors, etc...

I can't help you for most of those things, but if you got property control asking you where are your different monitors, because they're hooked into the computer, or maybe you did some moving or replacing of the monitors, I have something that may help, if they have the serial numbers for the monitors.

I've only ran this on dell computers with dell monitors with admin rights to all the computers, but if you have a different setup, you can still try this script, no guarantees though.... If you still can't find your monitor, make sure the computer is on, and that it's not in a store room somewhere unplugged.


The resulting csv file looks like:
machine, monitor model, serial, mfg, date of mfg

comp1,DELL 1702FP,8G1522CGxxx1,DEL,12/2002
comp2,DELL 1907FP,DC32364Hxxx2,DEL,4/2006
comp3,DEL 1908FPBLK,D325J958xxx3,DEL,5/2009
comp4,DELL 1702FP,8G1522CGxxx4,DEL,12/2002

remember, on dell monitors at least, it only pulls approximately the last half of the monitor's serial number.

this is the batch file that has all the computers you want to check for monitors on, and runs a vbscript on each one, which saves the monitor information into a csv file.


rem monitor-inventory.bat
rem you'll probably want to change the location of the csv file
set csvfile=\\fileserver\staff\it-docs\monitors.csv
rem the first line of the csv file so you know what's in each column.
echo machine, monitor model, serial, mfg, date of mfg >> %csvfile%
rem the list of the computers are in the parenthesies for the following lines, if you have
rem a lot of computers you can add more lines, or have multiple copies of this bat file
rem with different names, and different computers listed in each
for %%C in (server reception secretary manager boss comp1 comp2 comp3 comp4 ) do cscript %progpath%mon-serial-num-v2.vbs %%C >> %csvfile% //nologo
for %%C in (comp5 comp6 video guard) do cscript %progpath%mon-serial-num.vbs %%C >> %csvfile% //nologo
rem --------------------------------------------------


The following is the core vb script that is based in large part on a script from: http://social.technet.microsoft.com/Forums/da-DK/ITCG/thread/18f72e8d-d3ee-4e51-a55d-aa5fd26db974
Some modifications were made to make it work with my batch file above.


'--------------------------------------------------------------

Option Explicit
Dim WshShell
Set WshShell = WScript.CreateObject("WScript.Shell")
Dim strComputer, message


Dim intMonitorCount
Dim oRegistry, sBaseKey, sBaseKey2, sBaseKey3, skey, skey2, skey3
Dim sValue
dim i, iRC, iRC2, iRC3
Dim arSubKeys, arSubKeys2, arSubKeys3, arrintEDID
Dim strRawEDID
Dim ByteValue, strSerFind, strMdlFind
Dim intSerFoundAt, intMdlFoundAt, findit
Dim tmp, tmpser, tmpmdl, tmpctr
Dim batch, bHeader
batch = True
'most of this script is stolen from: http://social.technet.microsoft.com/Forums/da-DK/ITCG/thread/18f72e8d-d3ee-4e51-a55d-aa5fd26db974


If WScript.Arguments.Count = 1 Then
strComputer = WScript.Arguments(0)
'batch = True
Else
strComputer = wshShell.ExpandEnvironmentStrings("")
strComputer = InputBox("Check Monitor info for what PC","PC Name?",strComputer)
End If


If strcomputer = "" Then WScript.Quit
strComputer = UCase(strComputer)


If batch Then
Dim fso,logfile, appendout
logfile = wshShell.ExpandEnvironmentStrings("%userprofile%") & "\desktop\MonitorInfo.csv"


'setup Log
Const ForAppend = 8
Set fso = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")
If Not fso.FileExists(logfile) Then bHeader = True
set appendout = fso.OpenTextFile(logfile, ForAppend, True)


If bHeader Then
appendout.writeline "Computer,Model,Serial #,Vendor ID,Manufacture Date,Messages"
End If
End If


Dim strarrRawEDID()
intMonitorCount=0
Const HKLM = &H80000002 'HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE
'get a handle to the WMI registry object
On Error Resume Next
Set oRegistry = GetObject("winmgmts:{impersonationLevel=impersonate}!\\" & strComputer & "/root/default:StdRegProv")


If Err <> 0 Then
If batch Then
EchoAndLog strComputer & ",,,,," & Err.Description
Else
MsgBox "Failed. " & Err.Description,vbCritical + vbOKOnly,strComputer
WScript.Quit
End If
End If




sBaseKey = "SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Enum\DISPLAY\"
'enumerate all the keys HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Enum\DISPLAY\
iRC = oRegistry.EnumKey(HKLM, sBaseKey, arSubKeys)
For Each sKey In arSubKeys
'we are now in the registry at the level of:
'HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Enum\DISPLAY\<VESA_Monitor_ID\
'we need to dive in one more level and check the data of the "HardwareID" value
sBaseKey2 = sBaseKey & sKey & "\"
iRC2 = oRegistry.EnumKey(HKLM, sBaseKey2, arSubKeys2)
For Each sKey2 In arSubKeys2
'now we are at the level of:
'HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Enum\DISPLAY\<VESA_Monitor_ID\<PNP_ID>\
'so we can check the "HardwareID" value
oRegistry.GetMultiStringValue HKLM, sBaseKey2 & sKey2 & "\", "HardwareID", sValue
for tmpctr=0 to ubound(svalue)
If lcase(left(svalue(tmpctr),8))="monitor\" then
'If it is a monitor we will check for the existance of a control subkey
'that way we know it is an active monitor
sBaseKey3 = sBaseKey2 & sKey2 & "\"
iRC3 = oRegistry.EnumKey(HKLM, sBaseKey3, arSubKeys3)
For Each sKey3 In arSubKeys3
'Kaplan edit
strRawEDID = ""
If skey3="Control" Then
'If the Control sub-key exists then we should read the edid info
oRegistry.GetBinaryValue HKLM, sbasekey3 & "Device Parameters\", "EDID", arrintEDID
If vartype(arrintedid) <> 8204 then 'and If we don't find it...
strRawEDID="EDID Not Available" 'store an "unavailable message
else
for each bytevalue in arrintedid 'otherwise conver the byte array from the registry into a string (for easier processing later)
strRawEDID=strRawEDID & chr(bytevalue)
Next
End If
'now take the string and store it in an array, that way we can support multiple monitors
redim preserve strarrRawEDID(intMonitorCount)
strarrRawEDID(intMonitorCount)=strRawEDID
intMonitorCount=intMonitorCount+1
End If
Next
End If
Next
Next
Next
'*****************************************************************************************
'now the EDID info for each active monitor is stored in an array of strings called strarrRawEDID
'so we can process it to get the good stuff out of it which we will store in a 5 dimensional array
'called arrMonitorInfo, the dimensions are as follows:
'0=VESA Mfg ID, 1=VESA Device ID, 2=MFG Date (M/YYYY),3=Serial Num (If available),4=Model Descriptor
'5=EDID Version
'*****************************************************************************************
On Error Resume Next
dim arrMonitorInfo()
redim arrMonitorInfo(intMonitorCount-1,5)
dim location(3)
for tmpctr=0 to intMonitorCount-1
If strarrRawEDID(tmpctr) <> "EDID Not Available" then
'*********************************************************************
'first get the model and serial numbers from the vesa descriptor
'blocks in the edid. the model number is required to be present
'according to the spec. (v1.2 and beyond)but serial number is not
'required. There are 4 descriptor blocks in edid at offset locations
'&H36 &H48 &H5a and &H6c each block is 18 bytes long
'*********************************************************************
location(0)=mid(strarrRawEDID(tmpctr),&H36+1,18)
location(1)=mid(strarrRawEDID(tmpctr),&H48+1,18)
location(2)=mid(strarrRawEDID(tmpctr),&H5a+1,18)
location(3)=mid(strarrRawEDID(tmpctr),&H6c+1,18)


'you can tell If the location contains a serial number If it starts with &H00 00 00 ff
strSerFind=chr(&H00) & chr(&H00) & chr(&H00) & chr(&Hff)
'or a model description If it starts with &H00 00 00 fc
strMdlFind=chr(&H00) & chr(&H00) & chr(&H00) & chr(&Hfc)


intSerFoundAt=-1
intMdlFoundAt=-1
for findit = 0 to 3
If instr(location(findit),strSerFind)>0 then
intSerFoundAt=findit
End If
If instr(location(findit),strMdlFind)>0 then
intMdlFoundAt=findit
End If
Next


'If a location containing a serial number block was found then store it
If intSerFoundAt<>-1 then
tmp=right(location(intSerFoundAt),14)
If instr(tmp,chr(&H0a))>0 then
tmpser=trim(left(tmp,instr(tmp,chr(&H0a))-1))
Else
tmpser=trim(tmp)
End If
'although it is not part of the edid spec it seems as though the
'serial number will frequently be preceeded by &H00, this
'compensates for that
If left(tmpser,1)=chr(0) then tmpser=right(tmpser,len(tmpser)-1)
else
tmpser="Not Found"
End If


'If a location containing a model number block was found then store it
If intMdlFoundAt<>-1 then
tmp=right(location(intMdlFoundAt),14)
If instr(tmp,chr(&H0a))>0 then
tmpmdl=trim(left(tmp,instr(tmp,chr(&H0a))-1))
else
tmpmdl=trim(tmp)
End If
'although it is not part of the edid spec it seems as though the
'serial number will frequently be preceeded by &H00, this
'compensates for that
If left(tmpmdl,1)=chr(0) then tmpmdl=right(tmpmdl,len(tmpmdl)-1)
else
tmpmdl="Not Found"
End If


'**************************************************************
'Next get the mfg date
'**************************************************************
Dim tmpmfgweek,tmpmfgyear,tmpmdt
'the week of manufacture is stored at EDID offset &H10
tmpmfgweek=asc(mid(strarrRawEDID(tmpctr),&H10+1,1))


'the year of manufacture is stored at EDID offset &H11
'and is the current year -1990
tmpmfgyear=(asc(mid(strarrRawEDID(tmpctr),&H11+1,1)))+1990


'store it in month/year format
tmpmdt=month(dateadd("ww",tmpmfgweek,datevalue("1/1/" & tmpmfgyear))) & "/" & tmpmfgyear


'**************************************************************
'Next get the edid version
'**************************************************************
'the version is at EDID offset &H12
Dim tmpEDIDMajorVer, tmpEDIDRev, tmpVer
tmpEDIDMajorVer=asc(mid(strarrRawEDID(tmpctr),&H12+1,1))


'the revision level is at EDID offset &H13
tmpEDIDRev=asc(mid(strarrRawEDID(tmpctr),&H13+1,1))


'store it in month/year format
tmpver=chr(48+tmpEDIDMajorVer) & "." & chr(48+tmpEDIDRev)


'**************************************************************
'Next get the mfg id
'**************************************************************
'the mfg id is 2 bytes starting at EDID offset &H08
'the id is three characters long. using 5 bits to represent
'each character. the bits are used so that 1=A 2=B etc..
'
'get the data
Dim tmpEDIDMfg, tmpMfg
dim Char1, Char2, Char3
Dim Byte1, Byte2
tmpEDIDMfg=mid(strarrRawEDID(tmpctr),&H08+1,2)
Char1=0 : Char2=0 : Char3=0
Byte1=asc(left(tmpEDIDMfg,1)) 'get the first half of the string
Byte2=asc(right(tmpEDIDMfg,1)) 'get the first half of the string
'now shift the bits
'shift the 64 bit to the 16 bit
If (Byte1 and 64) > 0 then Char1=Char1+16
'shift the 32 bit to the 8 bit
If (Byte1 and 32) > 0 then Char1=Char1+8
'etc....
If (Byte1 and 16) > 0 then Char1=Char1+4
If (Byte1 and 8) > 0 then Char1=Char1+2
If (Byte1 and 4) > 0 then Char1=Char1+1


'the 2nd character uses the 2 bit and the 1 bit of the 1st byte
If (Byte1 and 2) > 0 then Char2=Char2+16
If (Byte1 and 1) > 0 then Char2=Char2+8
'and the 128,64 and 32 bits of the 2nd byte
If (Byte2 and 128) > 0 then Char2=Char2+4
If (Byte2 and 64) > 0 then Char2=Char2+2
If (Byte2 and 32) > 0 then Char2=Char2+1


'the bits for the 3rd character don't need shifting
'we can use them as they are
Char3=Char3+(Byte2 and 16)
Char3=Char3+(Byte2 and 8)
Char3=Char3+(Byte2 and 4)
Char3=Char3+(Byte2 and 2)
Char3=Char3+(Byte2 and 1)
tmpmfg=chr(Char1+64) & chr(Char2+64) & chr(Char3+64)


'**************************************************************
'Next get the device id
'**************************************************************
'the device id is 2bytes starting at EDID offset &H0a
'the bytes are in reverse order.
'this code is not text. it is just a 2 byte code assigned
'by the manufacturer. they should be unique to a model
Dim tmpEDIDDev1, tmpEDIDDev2, tmpDev


tmpEDIDDev1=hex(asc(mid(strarrRawEDID(tmpctr),&H0a+1,1)))
tmpEDIDDev2=hex(asc(mid(strarrRawEDID(tmpctr),&H0b+1,1)))
If len(tmpEDIDDev1)=1 then tmpEDIDDev1="0" & tmpEDIDDev1
If len(tmpEDIDDev2)=1 then tmpEDIDDev2="0" & tmpEDIDDev2
tmpdev=tmpEDIDDev2 & tmpEDIDDev1


'**************************************************************
'finally store all the values into the array
'**************************************************************
'Kaplan adds code to avoid duplication...


If Not InArray(tmpser,arrMonitorInfo,3) Then
arrMonitorInfo(tmpctr,0)=tmpmfg
arrMonitorInfo(tmpctr,1)=tmpdev
arrMonitorInfo(tmpctr,2)=tmpmdt
arrMonitorInfo(tmpctr,3)=tmpser
arrMonitorInfo(tmpctr,4)=tmpmdl
arrMonitorInfo(tmpctr,5)=tmpVer
End If
End If
Next


'For now just a simple screen print will suffice for output.
'But you could take this output and write it to a database or a file
'and in that way use it for asset management.
i = 0
for tmpctr = 0 to intMonitorCount-1
If arrMonitorInfo(tmpctr,1) <> "" And arrMonitorInfo(tmpctr,0) <> "PNP" Then
If batch Then
EchoAndLog strComputer & "," & arrMonitorInfo(tmpctr,4) & "," & _
arrMonitorInfo(tmpctr,3)& "," & arrMonitorInfo(tmpctr,0) & "," & _
arrMonitorInfo(tmpctr,2)
Else
message = message & "Monitor " & chr(i+65) & ")" & VbCrLf & _
"Model Name: " & arrMonitorInfo(tmpctr,4) & VbCrLf & _
"Serial Number: " & arrMonitorInfo(tmpctr,3)& VbCrLf & _
"VESA Manufacturer ID: " & arrMonitorInfo(tmpctr,0) & VbCrLf & _
"Manufacture Date: " & arrMonitorInfo(tmpctr,2) & VbCrLf & VbCrLf
'wscript.echo ".........." & "Device ID: " & arrMonitorInfo(tmpctr,1)
'wscript.echo ".........." & "EDID Version: " & arrMonitorInfo(tmpctr,5)
i = i + 1
End If
End If
Next


If not batch Then
MsgBox message, vbInformation + vbOKOnly,strComputer & " Monitor Info"
End If


Function InArray(strValue,List,Col)
Dim i
For i = 0 to UBound(List)
If List(i,col) = cstr(strValue) Then
InArray = True
Exit Function
End If
Next
InArray = False
End Function


Sub EchoAndLog (message)
'Echo output and write to log
Wscript.Echo message
AppendOut.WriteLine message
End Sub

Saturday, April 27, 2013

dhclient and /etc/resolv.conf being overwritten.

In ubuntu 12.12 (the one I'm currently using), dhclient is used to get a dhcp lease.  For most people this works just dandy.  However if you use it for routing, and/or running your own dns server inside your network, or just want to have some dns servers used for whatever reason that the dhcp server doesn't issue you can do the following.  

If you go into the /etc/dhcp directory you will see a file called dhclient.conf
somewhere (anywhere really), in the file put the following line:
prepend domain-name-servers 8.8.8.8;

if you want just your custom dns server:
supersede domain-name-servers 8.8.8.8;


This will put the 8.8.8.8 dns server at the top of the list of dns servers in the /etc/resolv.conf file, in addition the to usual ones that the dhcp server gave to your computer. 

Of course for your network you will probably replace 8.8.8.8 with the ip address of another dns server (unless you really want to use one of google's dns servers).  


In fedora you have to go to /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/, and find the file for your network device (something like ifcfg-ethX, where X is a number usually 0).

change the line PEERDNS=yes to =no.


Friday, April 26, 2013

installing ssh fedora

Fedora nowadays doesn't have the ssh server by default, if you want it here's how (fedora no longer uses /etc/init.d):

yum install openssh
service sshd start
service sshd enable

note: if you want to start/enable other services on fedora you can replace sshd with the name of the other service.

Wednesday, April 24, 2013

proxmox tips

To force a vm to shutdown you can't do it from the web interface so instead you'll have to ssh in and use your root username and password.  Once you're ssh'd in type:
qm shutdown <vmid> -forceStop
more details at: http://pve.proxmox.com/wiki/Manual:_qm




Proxmox is a nice setup overall, but the java vnc interface to view the desktop of the vm is just lousy.  A way around that is to ssh in and go to the /etc/pve/nodes/proxmox/qemu-server directory.  In the 1##.conf file (where 1## is the id of the VM), put the following lines:
args: -vnc 0.0.0.0:10
You can do this with each vm, just make sure the change the number after the last colon, as
each vnc connection has to be on it's own port.  Then you can vnc using your favorite vnc viewer, and use the ip address/hostname of the proxmox server followed by a : and the number that's at the end of the line you put in the VM's config file.  In this case it would be "vncviewer proxmox-machine:10"

More details on your vnc options and proxmox are at: http://pve.proxmox.com/wiki/Vnc_2.0


For tips on how to deal with the screen resolution of linux in a VM (both X and console):
http://thescriptingadmin.blogspot.com/2013/04/fedora-too-high-resolution-in-vm.html


Friday, April 5, 2013

ssh-agent in cygwin

If you do command line work like I do, and remote into a linux machine via ssh, you may or may not be aware of ssh keys.  If you use an ssh key you can log into the machine without a password.  However to keep things secure, you really should use a password on your ssh key, but if you had to type in the password every time you used the key, that would sort of defeat the purpose of the ssh key.  So they have ssh-agent for linux and cygwin (if you're using putty use pagent instead).

Normally you first run ssh-agent, then run ssh-add (or just have it loaded via kde, gnome, or .bash_profile if you don't use a gui at all on linux).  On cygwin though you might encounter the error message "Could not open a connection to your authentication agent" when you type in ssh-add.  The solution is apparently to run the following command: "exec ssh-agent bash", and once you get a new bash shell then type ssh-add.


enable remote registry service on windows 7

Windows 7 by default disables the remote registry service (probably for security reasons).  To enable it from  the command line type the following:

sc \\computername config remoteregistry start= auto
make sure you have a space between the = sign and auto
if you're doing this on your local computer you can drop the \\computername part
you can also replace "remoteregistry" with the name of another service to enable or disable it.


once you've enabled the service you can either reboot the computer, or just start it now with:

sc \\computername start remoteregistry


If you want to know why we want to enable this service, it's so that you can pull up the registry of a remote computer that's currently in use (normally hkey_local_machine) via regedit on your local machine.  This way you don't have to interrupt whoever is currently at the computer by using RDP, VNC, or kicking the user out of their chair, at most you may have to tell them to reboot their machine at some point.